What is the working principle and type of torque sensor?

1、 Working principle of torque sensor
The working principle of torque sensors is based on Hooke's law, which states that torque is proportional to the elastic coefficient of the rod, but not to the length or cross-sectional area of the rod. Therefore, if a hollow cylinder is subjected to a torque, its central part undergoes shear deformation and its ends also have different displacements. This makes the strain in the center (measured) part different from the strain at the end. Therefore, when the strain in the central part is detected by the sensor measuring device, the torque value can be calculated.
2、 Types of torque sensors
1. Non-contact torque sensor
A non-contact torque sensor measures the torque of an object by reading the deformation of the torque in place rod. These sensors typically use statistical methods, magnetic field calculations, or radio waves for measurement. Due to their lack of physical contact, they will not affect the test results.
2. Single axis torque sensor
Single axis torque sensor is a type of torque sensor that can measure torque on a single shaft. This type of sensor is usually used in occasions such as accessory assembly, motor testing, and fastener testing.
3. Multi axis torque sensor
A multi axis torque sensor is a sensor that can simultaneously measure the torque on multiple shafts. This type of sensor is commonly used in fields such as automotive testing, brake testing, and hydraulic testing.
3、 Characteristics of torque sensors
1. High accuracy: Compared to other measurement methods, torque sensors have relatively high accuracy. The measurement results they provide are less likely to be influenced by external factors.
2. Wide dynamic range: Torque sensors are usually suitable for testing with a wide dynamic range, including high-speed torque testing and low-speed torque testing.
3. No physical contact: Unlike traditional physical measurement methods, torque sensors are composed of electronic sensors and digital displays, without physical contact, making the measurement process simple and highly reciprocal.
4. Beam design: The torque sensor uses the sensitivity of the beam to sense the yield rate of gravity. The practicality, design, and style of the beam play a significant role in the accuracy of the torque sensor.